Connect with us

Opinion

The Nigerian Rail-Line Dichotomy

Published

on

After wasting US$427 million in a refurbishment that failed to revive the tracks, let alone modernise them, the Nigerian Railway Corporation (NRC) is bent on reconstruction using the same narrow gauge design, even with questionable safety standards
The Nigerian railway system is as old as modern civilisation in this part of the globe, but it has failed to unit the nation into a prosperous commercial entity, but appears rather to have partitioned the country along north-to-south ridges of estranged rail zones. For the exception of the rail linkage between Kafanchan and Kaduna in the north, which knots the western tracks with the eastern side, the rail dichotomy between Nigeria’s east and west appears deliberate to create unequal economically advantaged zones. In all the challenges bedevilling the rail transportation system in Nigeria, the western rail corridor, which runs from Lagos to Kano, has received unequal attension, making it the most functional, while the rail line from Port Harcourt to Maiduguri lies mostly neglected, abandoned or second-class. Moreso, notwithstanding the high tonnage of goods and human traffick across the southern belt of Nigeria, it beats reasoning why there is no rail connection from, say, Calabar to Lagos, considering that this region hosts the highest number of economic activities as well as being the link to the various sea ports in Nigeria.
A survey of Nigeria’s rail lines shows that our rail lines are mostly of colonial British Cape gauge of which there is a total of 3,505 km national railway network, in additon to 669 km of modern standard gauge lines. First constructed in Nigeria by the British colonial government in March 1896, the rail lines started from the Lagos Colony to Ibadan. The Lagos rail station was connected with Minna in 1911, to meet the Baro–Kano Railway Station built by the then government of Northern Nigeria. The rail lines were later amalgamated in 1912 as Government Department of Railways, which later became the Nigerian Railway Corporation.The Port Harcourt-Enugu rail line was built by the Eastern Nigeria government from 1913 to 1916 due to the discovery of coal at Udi. The Eastern rail line was later extended to Kafanchan, crossed the Lagos-Kano line to Kaduna in 1927, then continued from Kafanchan to Nguru in 1930 and reached its Maiduguri terminus in 1964.
Nigeria’s first standard gauge rail line, the Warri–Itakpe Railway, initiated in 1987, was to convey iron ore from Itakpe to the Ajaokuta Steel Mill, while enabling the transportation of imported coal from Warri sea port to Ajaokuta. It was completed in 2020 after years of construction delays.The rail transportation infrastructure in Nigeria has suffered setbacks fundamentally due to its design layout, followed by mismanagement, a poor maintenance culture that almost amounted to abandonment, and is set for further setbacks due to the absence of design uniformity in the current modernisation efforts. As if these were not enough, it is currently entangled in a survival struggle with vandalism in various parts of the country.To start with, in its operational hay days, rail link for port cities of Lagos, Warri and Port Harcourt was only possible via the Kafanchan-Kaduna linkage in far away north, a situation that made haulage by rail across the Nigerian southern corridor uneconomical and time wasting.
After years of infrastructure decay and near abandonment, when Nigeria appears to have awoken to rebuild its vital means of commerce, it began so in line with previous mistakes. The old Cape gauge lines, popularly called narrow gauge lines are out-dated, colonial 1,067mm-wide tracks, that run equally out-dated 1,067mm-wide rail cars, while the standard gauge rails are modern 1435mm-wide tracks that run 1435mm-wide rail cars, offering greater speed, stability, and payload. Rail cars for the standard gauge can not run on the narrow guage, and vise versa, meaning that where goods are to be transported between these rail guages, loads would have to be manually transferred between narrow and wide rail cars.Efficiency in modern rail lines around the world is achieved based on uniform network of rail tracks using the standard guage installed two-ways to enable greater round-trips and for seamless connectivities. Nigeria wasted US$427 million in 2009 to refurbish the Port Harcourt – Maiduguri line with same old narrow guage, which has since broken down.
That huge sum should have been invested in the modern standard gauge, even if it covered a smaller portion, from where later investments could have extended the tracks.However, the Lagos-Kano line has been reconstructed to the modern standard guage, with modern train stations and clean, air-conditioned train coaches that feature overhead display screens, classified compartments, as well as window-side USB charging ports and power suckets. The 187 km Kaduna – Abuja segment, which opened officially on July 26, 2016, alone gulped US$870 million, while the Kano terminus, under the auspices of Portugal’s Mota-Engil SGPS SA, was extended ealier this year to Maradi, a large city in neighbouring Niger Republic. In taste of things yet to come, the 157 km Lagos-Ibadan railway was inaugurated on June 10, 2021 as the first two-way track in Nigeria.The story on the Port Harcourt – Maiduguri side remains unfortunate.
After wasting US$427 million in a refurbishment that failed to revive the tracks, let alone modernise them, the Nigerian Railway Corporation (NRC) is bent on reconstruction using the same narrow gauge design, even with questionable safety standards. The ancient tracks were supported on steel plates, while in the current reconstruction, the tracks are now being laid on narrow, reinforced concrete slabs, which will not stand the vibrations and stress of rail operations, as compared with the ruggedity of steel support plates. And with the two-side drainages being constructed too close to the tracks in some areas, it’s possible the ground support base might give way under bulk loads, a situation that might lead to fatal accidents.One may now ask, “Why the different measure for the Port Harcourt – Maiduguri rail corridor?” Why should not the coal mines at Udi be linked by rail to Ajaokuta steel mill, instead of resorting to importation?
It becomes more worrisome considering that with the implementation of on-going reconstruction of the eastern rails, the NRC appears not to have any plans, even in the foreseeable future, of unifying the Nigerian rails into a homogeneous network. One also wonders why, the immediate past Transportation Minister, Rt Hon. Chibuike Rotimi Amaechi, who spearheaded the commendable modernisations on the Lagos-Kano tracks, as well as the completion of the Warri – Itakpe railway, was not given the opportunity of doing same on the Port Harcourt – Maiduguri flank, while his proposal for a much valuable East-West railway, along the southern belt, was rejected?

By: Joseph Nwankwor

Continue Reading

Opinion

Empowering Youth  Through Agriculture 

Published

on

Quote:”While job seeking youths should  continuously acquire skills and explore opportunities within their immediate environment as well as in the global space through the use of digital platforms, government, corporate/ multinational organizations or the organised private sector should generate skills and provide the enabling environment for skills acquisition, through adequate funding and resettlement packages that will provide sustainable economic life for beneficiaries”.

The Governor of Rivers State, Sir Siminalayi Fubara, recently urged youths in the Rivers State to take advantage of the vast opportunities available to become employers of labour and contribute meaningfully to the growth and development of the State. Governor Fubara noted that global trends increasingly favour entrepreneurship and innovation, and said that youths in Rivers State must not be left behind in harnessing these opportunities. The Governor, represented by the Secretary to the State Government, Dr Benibo Anabraba, made this known while declaring open the 2026 Job Fair organised by the Rivers State Government in partnership with the Nigeria Employers’ Consultative Association (NECA) in Port Harcourt. The Governor acknowledged the responsibility of government to create jobs for its teeming youth population but noted that it is unrealistic to absorb all job seekers into the civil service.
“As a government, we recognise our duty to provide employment opportunities for our teeming youths. However, we also understand that not all youths can be accommodated within the civil service. This underscores the need to encourage entrepreneurship across diverse sectors and to partner with other stakeholders, including the youths themselves, so they can transition from being job seekers to employers of labour,” he said. It is necessary to State that Governor Fubara has not only stated the obvious but was committed to drive youth entrepreneurship towards their self-reliance and the economic development of the State  It is not news that developed economies of the world are skilled driven economies. The private sector also remains the highest employer of labour in private sector driven or capitalist economy though it is also the responsibility of government to create job opportunities for the teeming unemployed youth population in Nigeria which has  the highest youth unemployed population in the subSahara Africa.
The lack of job opportunities, caused partly by the Federal Government’s apathy to job creation, the lack of adequate supervision of job opportunities economic programmes, lack of employable skills by many youths in the country have conspired to heighten the attendant challenges of unemployment. The challenges which include, “Japa” syndrome (travelling abroad for greener pastures), that characterises the labour market and poses threat to the nation’s critical sector, especially the health and medical sector; astronomical increase in the crime rate and a loss of interest in education. While job seeking youths should  continuously acquire skills and explore opportunities within their immediate environment as well as in the global space through the use of digital platforms, government, corporate/ multinational organizations or the organised private sector should generate skills and provide the enabling environment for skills acquisition, through adequate funding and resettlement packages that will provide sustainable economic life for beneficiaries.
While commending the Rivers State Government led by the People First Governor, Sir Siminilayi Fubara for initiating “various training and capacity-building programmes in areas such as ICT and artificial intelligence, oil and gas, maritime, and the blue economy, among others”, it is note-worthy that the labour market is dynamic and shaped by industry-specific demands, technological advancements, management practices and other emerging factors. So another sector the Federal, State and Local Governments should encourage youths to explore and harness the abounding potentials, in my considered view, is Agriculture. Agriculture remains a veritable solution to hunger, inflation, and food Insecurity that ravages the country. No doubt, the Nigeria’s arable landmass is grossly under-utilised and under-exploited.
In recent times, Nigerians have voiced their concerns about the persistent challenges of hunger, inflation, and the general increase in prices of goods and commodities. These issues not only affect the livelihoods of individuals and families but also pose significant threats to food security and economic stability in the country.  The United Nations estimated that more than 25 million people in Nigeria could face food insecurity this year—a 47% increase from the 17 million people already at risk of going hungry, mainly due to ongoing insecurity, protracted conflicts, and rising food prices. An estimated two million children under five are likely to be pushed into acute malnutrition. (Reliefweb ,2023). In response, Nigeria declared a state of emergency on food insecurity, recognizing the urgent need to tackle food shortages, stabilize rising prices, and protect farmers facing violence from armed groups. However, without addressing the insecurity challenges, farmers will continue to struggle to feed their families and boost food production.
In addition, parts of northwest and northeast Nigeria have experienced changes in rainfall patterns making less water available for crop production. These climate change events have resulted in droughts and land degradations; presenting challenges for local communities and leading to significant impact on food security. In light of these daunting challenges, it is imperative to address the intricate interplay between insecurity and agricultural productivity.  Nigeria can work toward ensuring food security, reducing poverty, and fostering sustainable economic growth in its vital agricultural sector. In this article, I suggest solutions that could enhance agricultural production and ensure that every state scales its agricultural production to a level where it can cater to 60% of the population.
This is feasible and achievable if government at all levels are intentional driving the development of the agricultural sector which was the major economic mainstay of the Country before the crude oil was struck in commercial quantity and consequently became the nation’s monolithic revenue source. Government should revive the moribund Graduate Farmers Scheme and the Rivers State School-to-Land agricultural programmes to operate concurrently with other skills acquisition and development programmes. There should be a consideration for investment in mechanized farming and arable land allocation. State and local governments should play a pivotal role in promoting mechanized farming and providing arable land for farming in communities. Additionally, allocating arable land enables small holder farmers to expand their operations and contribute to food security at the grassroots level.
Nigeria can unlock the potential of its agricultural sector to address the pressing needs of its population and achieve sustainable development. Policymakers and stakeholders must heed Akande’s recommendations and take decisive action to ensure a food-secure future for all Nigerians.

By: Igbiki Benibo

Continue Reading

Opinion

Of Protests And Need For Dialogue 

Published

on

Quote:“.Across Abuja, Anambra, and Lagos, a common thread emerges: a disconnect between authority and empathy. Government actions may follow policy logic, but citizens respond from lived experience, fear, and frustration. When these realities collide without dialogue, the streets become the arena of engagement”

It was a turbulent week in the country, highlighting the widening gap between government intentions and public perception. From Abuja to Anambra and Lagos, citizens poured into the streets not just over specific grievances but in frustration with governance that often appears heavy-handed, confrontational, or insufficiently humane. While authorities may genuinely act in the public interest, their methods sometimes aggravate tensions rather than resolve them.
In Abuja, the strike by workers of the Federal Capital Territory Administration (FCTA) and the Federal Capital Development Authority (FCDA) under the Joint Union Action Committee (JUAC) brought the capital to a near standstill. Their demands included five months’ unpaid wages, hazard and rural allowances, promotion arrears, welfare packages, pension and National Housing Fund remittances, and training and career progression concerns. These are core labour issues that directly affect workers’ dignity and livelihoods. Efforts to dialogue with the FCT Minister reportedly failed. Even after a court ordered the strike to end, workers persisted, underscoring the depth of discontent. Threats and sanctions only hardened positions.
The FCT crisis shows that industrial peace cannot be enforced through coercion. Dialogue is not weakness; it is recognition that governance is about people. Meeting labour leaders, listening attentively, clarifying grey areas, and agreeing on timelines could restore trust. Honesty and negotiation are far more effective than threats.
In Anambra, protests by Onitsha Main Market traders followed the government’s closure of the market over continued observance of a Monday sit-at-home, linked to separatist agitation. Governor Chukwuma Soludo described compliance as economic sabotage, insisting Anambra cannot operate as a “four-day-a-week economy.” While the governor’s concern is understandable, threats to revoke ownership, seize, or demolish the market risk escalating tensions. Many traders comply out of fear, not ideology. Markets are social ecosystems of families, apprentices, and informal networks; heavy-handed enforcement may worsen resistance. A better approach combines persuasion, dialogue with market leaders, credible security assurances, and gradual confidence-building. Coordinated political engagement with federal authorities could also reduce regional tensions.
In Lagos, protests erupted over demolition of homes in low-income waterfront communities such as Makoko, Owode Onirin, and Oworonshoki. The state defended these actions as necessary for safety, environmental protection, and urban renewal. While objectives are legitimate, demolitions drew criticism for lack of notice, compensation, and humane resettlement. Urban development without regard for human consequences risks appearing elitist and anti-poor. Where demolitions are unavoidable, transparent engagement, fair compensation, and realistic relocation must precede action to maintain public trust and social stability.
Across Abuja, Anambra, and Lagos, a common thread emerges: a disconnect between authority and empathy. Government actions may follow policy logic, but citizens respond from lived experience, fear, and frustration. When these realities collide without dialogue, the streets become the arena of engagement.
Democracy cannot thrive on decrees, threats, or bulldozers alone. Leaders must listen as much as they command, persuade as much as they enforce. Minister Wike should see labour leaders as partners, Governor Soludo must balance firmness with sensitivity, and Lagos authorities should align urban renewal with compassion and justice. Protests are signals of communication failure. Dialogue, caution, and a human face in governance are not optional—they are necessities. Police and security agencies must respect peaceful protest as a constitutional right.

By:  Calista Ezeaku

 

Continue Reading

Opinion

Empowering Youth  Through Agriculture 

Published

on

Quote:”While job seeking youths should  continuously acquire skills and explore opportunities within their immediate environment as well as in the global space through the use of digital platforms, government, corporate/ multinational organizations or the organised private sector should generate skills and provide the enabling environment for skills acquisition, through adequate funding and resettlement packages that will provide sustainable economic life for beneficiaries”.
The Governor of Rivers State, Sir Siminalayi Fubara, recently urged youths in the Rivers State to take advantage of the vast opportunities available to become employers of labour and contribute meaningfully to the growth and development of the State. Governor Fubara noted that global trends increasingly favour entrepreneurship and innovation, and said that youths in Rivers State must not be left behind in harnessing these opportunities. The Governor, represented by the Secretary to the State Government, Dr Benibo Anabraba, made this known while declaring open the 2026 Job Fair organised by the Rivers State Government in partnership with the Nigeria Employers’ Consultative Association (NECA) in Port Harcourt. The Governor acknowledged the responsibility of government to create jobs for its teeming youth population but noted that it is unrealistic to absorb all job seekers into the civil service.
“As a government, we recognise our duty to provide employment opportunities for our teeming youths. However, we also understand that not all youths can be accommodated within the civil service. This underscores the need to encourage entrepreneurship across diverse sectors and to partner with other stakeholders, including the youths themselves, so they can transition from being job seekers to employers of labour,” he said. It is necessary to State that Governor Fubara has not only stated the obvious but was committed to drive youth entrepreneurship towards their self-reliance and the economic development of the State  It is not news that developed economies of the world are skilled driven economies. The private sector also remains the highest employer of labour in private sector driven or capitalist economy though it is also the responsibility of government to create job opportunities for the teeming unemployed youth population in Nigeria which has  the highest youth unemployed population in the subSahara Africa.
The lack of job opportunities, caused partly by the Federal Government’s apathy to job creation, the lack of adequate supervision of job opportunities economic programmes, lack of employable skills by many youths in the country have conspired to heighten the attendant challenges of unemployment. The challenges which include, “Japa” syndrome (travelling abroad for greener pastures), that characterises the labour market and poses threat to the nation’s critical sector, especially the health and medical sector; astronomical increase in the crime rate and a loss of interest in education. While job seeking youths should  continuously acquire skills and explore opportunities within their immediate environment as well as in the global space through the use of digital platforms, government, corporate/ multinational organizations or the organised private sector should generate skills and provide the enabling environment for skills acquisition, through adequate funding and resettlement packages that will provide sustainable economic life for beneficiaries.
While commending the Rivers State Government led by the People First Governor, Sir Siminilayi Fubara for initiating “various training and capacity-building programmes in areas such as ICT and artificial intelligence, oil and gas, maritime, and the blue economy, among others”, it is note-worthy that the labour market is dynamic and shaped by industry-specific demands, technological advancements, management practices and other emerging factors. So another sector the Federal, State and Local Governments should encourage youths to explore and harness the abounding potentials, in my considered view, is Agriculture. Agriculture remains a veritable solution to hunger, inflation, and food Insecurity that ravages the country. No doubt, the Nigeria’s arable landmass is grossly under-utilised and under-exploited.
In recent times, Nigerians have voiced their concerns about the persistent challenges of hunger, inflation, and the general increase in prices of goods and commodities. These issues not only affect the livelihoods of individuals and families but also pose significant threats to food security and economic stability in the country.  The United Nations estimated that more than 25 million people in Nigeria could face food insecurity this year—a 47% increase from the 17 million people already at risk of going hungry, mainly due to ongoing insecurity, protracted conflicts, and rising food prices. An estimated two million children under five are likely to be pushed into acute malnutrition. (Reliefweb ,2023). In response, Nigeria declared a state of emergency on food insecurity, recognizing the urgent need to tackle food shortages, stabilize rising prices, and protect farmers facing violence from armed groups. However, without addressing the insecurity challenges, farmers will continue to struggle to feed their families and boost food production.
In addition, parts of northwest and northeast Nigeria have experienced changes in rainfall patterns making less water available for crop production. These climate change events have resulted in droughts and land degradations; presenting challenges for local communities and leading to significant impact on food security. In light of these daunting challenges, it is imperative to address the intricate interplay between insecurity and agricultural productivity.  Nigeria can work toward ensuring food security, reducing poverty, and fostering sustainable economic growth in its vital agricultural sector. In this article, I suggest solutions that could enhance agricultural production and ensure that every state scales its agricultural production to a level where it can cater to 60% of the population.
This is feasible and achievable if government at all levels are intentional driving the development of the agricultural sector which was the major economic mainstay of the Country before the crude oil was struck in commercial quantity and consequently became the nation’s monolithic revenue source. Government should revive the moribund Graduate Farmers Scheme and the Rivers State School-to-Land agricultural programmes to operate concurrently with other skills acquisition and development programmes. There should be a consideration for investment in mechanized farming and arable land allocation. State and local governments should play a pivotal role in promoting mechanized farming and providing arable land for farming in communities. Additionally, allocating arable land enables small holder farmers to expand their operations and contribute to food security at the grassroots level.
 Nigeria can unlock the potential of its agricultural sector to address the pressing needs of its population and achieve sustainable development. Policymakers and stakeholders must heed Akande’s recommendations and take decisive action to ensure a food-secure future for all Nigerians.
By: Igbiki Benibo
Continue Reading

Trending