The Niger Delta Development Commission was established by the Federal Government of Nigeria to mitigate the effects of oil exploration and exploitation activities on the oil bearing communities or States. It is worthy to clarify that some of the  NDDC states are not from South-South geographical zone. NDDC is about oil producing States, irrespective of the geographical location. South – South geographical zone is made up of six states namely; Akwa-Ibom, Bayelsa, Cross River, Delta, Edo and Rivers State. As it is today, there is no regional commission called South-South Commission. Rather, what is well-known, is Niger Delta Development Commission to aid development in the oil-bearing States. NDDC is a distinct interventionist agency of the Federal Government of Nigeria to douse down tension or agitation of the people of Niger Delta region.
Agitation by the bearing community led to the establishment of the Ministry of Niger Delta Affairs, despite being scrapped by the present administration of President Ahmed Bola Tinubu. For instance, Abia State is in South-East region and it is part of NDDC, and it will benefit from South-East Commission established by the present Federal Government of Nigeria, to fast track development of South-East Zone. So, Abia State would benefit from NDDC and South-East Commission. Abia is an oil producing state in Nigeria. In the same position, Imo State is a South-East State and also an oil producing state; which automatically makes it a member of NDDC State.  And would benefit from both commissions; and no doubt, because of being an oil producing State and by location, South-East State. Automatically, by virtue of oil activities going on in the two Eastern States, they are members of Niger Delta Development Commission.
In the line of operation, Ondo State is in South-West region and by virtue of being an oil producing State, is a member of NDDC. This no doubt, makes Ondo State a beneficiary of NDDC creation. There is no question to ask why Ondo should be member of NDDC? And Ondo State is a member of South-West Development Commission, because of its geographical location as a State in that region. So, the argument that NDDC is a regional commission is out of place. Thus, NDDC is not only for States in the Niger Delta. Another question is: is there an established commission known as South-South Development Commission, that Rivers State, Akwa Ibom, Edo, Delta, Bayelsa and Cross River should benefit from? The answer is capital No! So NDDC is not a regional commission because it is not only for the six states that make up the South- South. Hence, there is need for the present Federal Government of Nigeria, to urgently address the inequality and disparity created already.
This is because the six geographical zones have zonal commissions. The Federal Government should correct the equation. The misconception that NDDC is regional is not in order and is not correct. As it is today, there is no South-South Commission to help fast track development in the region. The political representatives from the South-South zone, should unite themselves and demand for South-South Development Commission as other zones have theirs. The Federal Government should put modalities in place to establish South-South Development Commission. The status quo should not be allowed to remain as it is now. Thank God, the daily quota of oil production has increased to about 2.5m barrel per day. And that is the reason why South-South should also benefit from the increase of oil activities in Nigeria.
Observationally, every region is bracing up to gain from the oil revenue of the country. And South South Zone which seems to be the hub of oil and gas is lagging behind in terms of purposeful development. NDDC should embark on an aggressive development of the member states. The Federal Government of Nigeria, should correct the negative believe that NDDC is a regional commission. Politicians of the zone should sheathe their swords of discrepancies and work together for the development of the zone. There should be a united front to convince the Federal Government to create or establish South-South Development Commission. Therefore State of the South-South zone in the Niger Delta Development Commission should be made to benefit like their counter parts from South- East and South- West in the NDDC. Thus, NDDC goes beyond regional vision. And that is why the Federal Government should establish South- South Development Commission to balance the equation of regional commission springing up in the country.

Frank Ogwuonuonu
Ogwuonuonu  is a free lancer in PortHarcourt.

Since late Prof. Dora Akunyili’s tenure as the Director General of the National Agency for Food, Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC), the fight against fake, illegal and expired drugs seemed to be in limbo until the current raid by the agency. For over one-week NAFDAC has been in the news as it has taken the war to the door post of fake, unauthorised, expired medicine dealers across the country. From Ariaria Market, Aba to Bridgehead, Onitsha, Anambra State, to Idumota drug market, Lagos, the stories are the same. Warehouses are being raided, medicine shops are being closed, counterfeit and expired drugs are being destroyed and so on. The current Director General of NAFDAC, Prof Mojisola Adeyeye, must be commended for the reinvigorated effort towards ridding our society of poisons in the name of drugs.
Some of these drugs according to NAFDAC are expired, imported drugs which are repackaged and pushed into the markets. Some of the seized drugs were vaccines stored in dilapidated, unventilated rooms, sealed with iron sheets in highly unsanitary conditions. It is doubtful if there is any adult Nigerian that is not aware of the damage caused to the citizens and the country by fake and substandard drugs. How many times have we or someone we know taken malaria drugs, antibiotics or other medicines for a cure of an ailment and they were ineffective? How many people in the country have died because fake or relabelled expired drugs were administered to them? Experts have posited that fake, adulterated, substandard drugs fuel antimicrobial resistance, as substandard antibiotics fail to properly treat infections, leading to stronger and more resilient bacteria.
The proliferation of these harmful substances is indeed a crisis of national significance. It threatens public health, weakens trust in the healthcare system, and exacerbates Nigeria’s already fragile health sector. Local drug manufacturers who invest millions of Naira to produce genuine, quality drugs for the citizens are denied the fruits of their labour by criminal syndicates who take advantage of regulatory loopholes and weak enforcement to flood the market with dangerous substances, putting millions of lives at risk. So, by all means, they should not be spared. But the question that begs for an answer is, where were the government agencies when these fake and expired drugs entered the country and travelled to the states? Why were they not intercepted at the point of entry either via the ports or the land borders and the importers arrested and prosecuted?
According to Adeyeye, most of these poisonous drugs are brought into the country through the ports and the porous borders. Is there nothing that can be done to beef up security and checks against illegal drugs at the borders? Or is it a case of the personnel at the borders looking the other way when they must have been settled thereby allowing unhindered entry of fake and unauthorised products into the country? It is also worrisome why we have allowed drugs to be sold in the open markets in the country. For many years, the federal government has been coming up with policies to address the uncontrolled and undefined buying and selling of medicine with or without approval, all to no avail. Open drug markets continue to thrive, leading to abuse and counterfeiting.
A former National Chairman of the Association of Community Pharmacists, Mr Samuel Adekola, in a recent interview bared his mind on the issue of open drug market. He said, “We know that open drug markets are not the best for Nigeria because of how the drugs are sourced. The government has been coming up with policies to address it, but you know that nature abhors vacuum, so once there is no alternative, these markets crop up because people must use drugs. Policies of the government must support alternatives which will make the drug distribution process/system in Nigeria a regulated and sanitised one. The whole essence of this is to save society from fake and adulterated drugs because the burden of fake drugs on citizen’s health and the economy is huge. Today, 70 percent of deaths in the hospitals arise from drug misuse or fake drugs.”
Early in the week, the NAFDAC DG during a television interview announced that the Kano Coordinated Wholesale Centre for drug marketers has taken off and that that of Lagos, Aba, Onitsha and other places are in the pipeline. Hastened efforts in actualising this will go a long way in checking the menace of fake drugs. Also, in addition to Adeyeye’s request for more funding and more staff for the agency to help in manning the borders and prevent the infiltration of poisonous drugs into the country, there is the need for technology-driven solutions to the challenge. The adoption of digital tools, such as mobile verification codes on drug packaging, can help consumers verify the authenticity of their medications. Blockchain technology can also be explored to track and trace pharmaceutical products from manufacturers to end-users.
NAFDAC and other regulatory bodies should be empowered with adequate resources to crack down on counterfeiters. Policies that improve oversight, enhance drug registration processes, and promote stricter penalties for offenders are essential. The nation’s drug distribution policy which stipulates penalties for defaulters must be implemented. While Adeyeye’s proposed death penalty for fake drug peddlers may be too harsh, many years imprisonment without an option of fine will not be out of place. While commenting on the recent raids, the National Chairman of the Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria – Young Pharmacists Group, Tekena George showered some encomium on the NAFDAC DG, saying that beyond enforcement, her transformational policies promote local production of high-quality medicines in Nigeria, noting that by encouraging domestic manufacturing, she is not only reducing the country’s reliance on imported drugs but also strengthening the nation’s medicine security and economic resilience.
Indeed, over-reliance on imported drugs increases vulnerability to counterfeit products. Both federal and state governments should therefore encourage domestic pharmaceutical production, backed by strong quality control measures. This will ensure a safer drug supply chain. Nigeria should work closely with international agencies such as INTERPOL and the World Health Organisation (WHO) to dismantle transnational drug counterfeiting networks. Sharing intelligence and coordinating enforcement efforts will help disrupt the supply chain of fake drugs. Awareness campaigns are inevitable in dealing with the menace of fake drugs in our society. Many Nigerians remain unaware of the dangers of fake drugs. Government agencies, civil society groups, and healthcare professionals must therefore collaborate to educate the public on how to identify counterfeit drugs and report suspicious products.
Most importantly, the National Orientation Agency, religious and traditional leaders, parents, schools and other organisations must join hands in changing the “get rich at all cost” mentality of some Nigerians. As some people say, corruption, greed and selfishness are the root of all the problems in Nigeria. And unless these vices are dealt with all efforts at stemming fake drug distribution and other menace in the country will bear no positive result.

Calista Ezeaku

Early in Trump’s 45th Presidency, I wrote an article titled “Trump as Owha” and sent it to major newspapers in US and Nigeria. Unfortunately, only THISDAY and The Tide published it on February 15 and 20, 2017, respectively. This piece revisits the article, which likened Trump to a bellicose -machete-wielding masquerade called Owha . Numerous masquerades perform during the grand finale of the week-long burial rite of passage of Ogba people of Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni Local Government Area (ONELGA), Rivers State, Nigeria. Each type comes in multiple, adorned in mask and costume while displaying a choreography that proclaims its individuality. The event attracts tourists to Omoku, the headquarters of ONELGA, for what is adjudged a variant of Mardi Gras without the erotism of the New Orleans event.
At the arena, people are usually in celebratory mood and the events go on smoothly until Owha enters and precipitates chaos by chasing any and every person with the intent of inflicting injury, hence it is put on a long leash with many able-bodied young men as handlers. When angered by the restraints from the handlers, Owha turns around, chases them and complete chaos ensues until it is brought under control and forced out of the arena. Thereafter, the festivities continue to a cheerful conclusion. As the 45th President, Trump demonstrated the Owha element but was perhaps restrained by the desire for a second term. Even at that, it was one contentious issue after another: Australia refugee deal, Mexico’s wall project and “bad hombres,” Germany euro accusations, putting Putin at par with Merkel, discriminatory travel ban that drew Americans to the streets and was challenged by the Judiciary; the word “ally” was redefined, alliances shaken to their roots, the fourth estate dubbed “the most dishonest people on earth.”and discordant tunes consistently emanated from the Oval Office such that Kathleen Parker referred to them as “the perilous absurdities emanating from the White House”.
Trump showed every sign of the Owha. Today, as the 47th President without the restraint of re-election, the Owha in Trump is manifesting its capacity to create chaos (CCC). Worrisomely, Trump seems not to realise the immense responsibilities incumbent on the US President. A day before his inauguration, Trump declared thus: “Starting from tomorrow, I will act with historical speed and fix every single crisis facing our country”. Following inauguration, he hurriedly appended “his signature on executive orders, memorandums and proclamations”, declassified many documents and fired twelve Inspectors General (IG). Jack Cocchiarella avers that “Trump is a disaster”. Like the Owha, Trump has fired shots on all fronts: Canada and Mexico, US’ Northern and Southern neighbours and signatories to the trilateral North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), have replied Trump on new tariffs in equal measure.
Immediately Trump imposed tariffs on Chinese goods, the Sleeping Dragon woke up and “responded with lightning speed and retaliated in more than equal measure…No empty words, no drawn out negotiations; just swift decisive countermeasures” that affect the critical sector of US economy. For Bernie Sanders, the situation is “a dangerous unprecedented moment in American history” and calls out Americans to be “smart, organised and fight back [by building] a movement against political power”. Certainly, the allure that attracted Mary Ann Macleod to the US in 1930, is waining.The questions are: is Trump psychologically prepared for the enormous powers of Oval Office? If Trump manifests the full CCC of Owha, can Vice President Vance and the Cabinet of Billionaires invoke Section 4 of 25th Amendment? Can Congress effectively play the role of handlers of this Owha?
Most importantly, Can Trump be trusted with The Presidential Emergency Satchel? On the side of the Judiciary, District Judge John Coughenour, has set the pace by blocking Trump’s executive order curtailing the right to birthright citizenship referring to it as “blatantly unconstitutional” and urged the States of Washington, Arizona, Illinois and Oregon to prevent the administration from enforcing it. Can that bold afront be sustained across the US? All said, President Trump should submit to the psychologist’s chair same way President Eisenhower accepted being deprogrammed from his military psyche. Finally, what does Revelations (13:5) mean by “power was given unto him to continue forty and two months?” Does “continue” not mean another chance? Perhaps a second term? If so, does “forty-months” refer to a date with June 2028 or hide a deeper spiritual meaning? Whatever it is, Americans and their institutions should be “smart, organised and fight” to contain the excesses of the Owha in Oval Office.

Jason Osai.
Osai lectures in Rivers State University.