For over a decade, Nigeria’s security forces have been fighting insurgent groups and bandits to restore peace in the country. The military leadership in Abuja regularly meets with stakeholders to discuss progress in their counter-terrorism efforts, highlighting successes such as eliminating insurgents, capturing perpetrators, rescuing hostages, and seizing weapons.
The Strategic Communications Interagency Policy Community (SCIPC), operating under the Office of the National Security Adviser (ONSA) in Abuja, has recently released a comprehensive report detailing the huge accomplishments made by security, defence, and response agencies within the past year. This report serves as a testament to the unwavering efforts and dedication of these agencies in safeguarding the nation and its citizens.
It highlights the remarkable progress made in intelligence gathering and surveillance capabilities. Security agencies have deployed cutting-edge technologies and strengthened international partnerships, resulting in the timely detection and prevention of potential threats.
The Nigerian military has made giant strides in combating terrorism and other security challenges in the country, according to the Director of Defence Media Operations, Maj. Gen. Edward Buba. In the past year alone, troops operating in the northern parts of the country have neutralised over 9,300 terrorists and apprehended nearly 7,000 more. Additionally, over 9,500 Boko Haram and ISWAP fighters, along with their families, have surrendered to security forces.
In an update on the security situation, Maj. Gen. Buba highlighted the rescue of 4,641 hostages, demonstrating the military’s commitment to protecting civilians. Furthermore, authorities have arrested over 1,400 suspected oil thieves and recovered stolen crude oil products worth an estimated N91.2 billion, effectively curbing illegal activities in the energy sector.
Over 1,700 kidnap victims were successfully rescued by the police. They have recovered a substantial number of vehicles and motorcycles, as well as firearms and ammunition, effectively disrupting criminal networks and enhancing public safety. These achievements underscore the unwavering determination of the security agencies to ensure the well-being and security of the Nigerian populace.
The one-year report presents an overview of the ongoing efforts by security operatives to combat the pervasive threat posed by criminal elements in various regions of Nigeria. Particularly noteworthy is the diligent work being carried out in the North-East, where extremist groups such as Boko Haram, ISWAP, and Ansaru continue to sow the seed of crises and insecurity. In the North-West and North-Central regions, the proliferation of bandit cells has turned these areas into volatile conflict zones.
Also grappling with separatist violence orchestrated by groups like the Eastern Security Network (ESN), affiliated with the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB), is the South-East. This multi-faceted security challenge has prompted coordinated military operations across all 36 states of the nation, aimed at neutralising the diverse threats posed by criminal organisations and extremist factions.
However, the recent reports, detailing the activities of ISWAP in Borno State, raise serious concerns. In specific instances, ISWAP has been reported to have conducted open court sessions in villages near Lake Chad. During these sessions, the group attempts to recruit residents by propagating its extremist ideology and urging individuals to join their violent cause. Disturbing images have surfaced of masked terrorists addressing local residents and persuading them to back the establishment of a caliphate.
ISWAP members are promising potential recruits better governance, security, and basic amenities in their envisioned new state. They are also distributing welfare packages to households to recruit new members. These tactics show the dangerous nature of the organisation and the vulnerable situation of communities in the region. The spread of extremist ideologies and false promises are a serious threat to peace and stability in the area.
Numerous communities in Nigeria continue to face security problems as they are under the control of terrorist groups, despite the efforts made by the military in the fight against terrorism. Kukawa Local Government Area, known for its fishing and farming activities, is particularly vulnerable, with reports indicating that most areas in the region are currently under the control of ISWAP terrorists. In January, two fishermen in the Marte area of Borno reportedly had their hands severed by the terrorists over suspected theft.
In the North, farmers and fishermen have to pay taxes to terrorists to access their land or risk being brutally killed. Nigeria must address both the ideological and military aspects of the conflict to defeat groups like ISWAP. Simply citing numbers of terrorists neutralised or arrested will not end the prolonged insurgency.
Given the country’s current economic crisis and the difficulty in sustaining the ongoing warfare, the Office of the National Security Adviser, in collaboration with the military high command, should formulate a strategic plan with achievable objectives and deadlines to eradicate the terrorist threat. However, this task cannot be accomplished without disrupting the supply chain of the insurgents, including their sources of manpower and funding.

In an effort to consolidate the fiscal framework and strengthen Kenya’s economy, President William Ruto introduced a controversial bill laden with punitive taxes. This bill targets essential commodities, inflating the cost of living through increased fuel prices, imposing additional duties on exports, and controversially taxing sanitary pads, a move that is antithetical to gender equity. This legislative measure, intended as an economic panacea, instead thrusts the dagger deeper into the vitals of an economy already reeling from decadent living standards and systemic inequality.
The incremental taxes included in the bill are in line with Keynesian economic principles, where government intervention is required to regulate economic activity. However, such intervention is intended to be facilitative, not oppressive. In the case of Kenya, the controversial taxes would have reverberated through the socioeconomic strata, exacerbating unemployment, increasing inflation, and squeezing the already meagre incomes of the working class.
In the face of these oppressive measures, the streets have become a place where Kenyans are strongly protesting against the oppressive actions of the government. The youth, who represent the future of the country, are passionately exercising their democratic right to protest against the injustice they face. This is not just a reaction to economic troubles, but a powerful statement of their fundamental right to live with dignity and free from poverty.
Following weeks of peaceful demonstrations against the proposed legislation, protesters rampaged through the parliament in Nairobi. Subsequently, Ruto authorised the deployment of both police and military forces to suppress the unrest. Regrettably, it has been reported that 13 protesters were killed and many others injured by the police. Such excessive force against civilians is completely unjustifiable. Rather than engaging in finger-pointing, the security officials responsible should face appropriate sanctions.
In 2022, the Ruto’s administration emerged victorious in the general elections in Kenya, coming into power with a commitment to enhance the living standards of the underprivileged and improve the overall conditions of millions of citizens. Notwithstanding the initial promises made during the election campaigns, the government faced the stark challenges of limited financial resources, considerable debts, and the consequent inability to promptly execute its promised agenda.
Undoubtedly, the sombre economic conditions compelled the government to implement the financial bill last year, introducing a housing tax and elevating the top personal income tax rate. This action incited dissatisfaction among substantial portions of the population, leading to public displays of outrage, street demonstrations, and in some cases, legal challenges against the government’s policies.
This bill that caused a lot of public demonstrations and unrest may suggest that Kenya’s political system is not properly representing and including all groups in society. This also raises questions about the role of parliament in making sure proposed laws are thoroughly discussed and debated, to prevent protests from turning violent. However, attacking the seat of legislative power does not help the cause of protestations. Instead, it undermines the very structures that allow people to participate in the political process and seek change.
Despite the withdrawal of the bill by Ruto and his accusation towards security forces for inaccurate intelligence, the protests have continued without pause. This situation highlights the lack of genuine democratic principles in Africa. The crisis is primarily related to the economy, as the government, with a GDP of $113.4 billion and a population of 54.03 million, has acknowledged being in debt and facing financial constraints. To address its $78 billion debt, the government contemplated raising taxes.
The government said the country would have a $31.1 billion budget deficit if it cancelled the planned tax increase. This is made worse by the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) recommendation that the country should expand the number of people and businesses that pay taxes; improve how well people and businesses pay their taxes and have a stricter financial policy to reduce the country’s debt problems. Similar to numerous African nations, Kenya is closely connected to the IMF.
Regrettably, many African leaders exhibit poor management of their nation’s economies, resulting in appalling hardships for the populace. The citizens are left to bear the consequences of their irresponsible handling of both domestic and international loans. It is necessary that African citizens exercise their voting power to remove ineffective and incompetent governments from office.
Nigeria has faced challenges due to past IMF advisories, like the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) in the 1990s. The actions taken based on IMF recommendations, such as removal of petrol subsidy and floating of the naira, have harmed the economy and led to negative impacts like job losses and poverty. African leaders should give priority to implementing locally-developed policies to drive economic growth rather than relying on external financial agencies like the IMF and World Bank.
Regardless of President Ruto’s concession, some protesters still insist on continuing demonstrations until the government collapses. This would be unwise as it could lead to a disproportionate use of force, escalating tensions and potential fatalities. Protesters should avoid creating conditions for anti-democratic forces to disrupt the democratic system that allows citizens to peacefully demonstrate. In a democratic society, political change can be sought through the ballot box in the next elections.

In an exceptionally powerful show of resilience and unity, a significant number of women from Oginigba,
a community in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area, Rivers State, protested in Port Harcourt to denounce the unlawful seizure of their ancestral land. The protesters, known as the ‘Oginigba Women’, carried placards and chanted slogans, demanding the immediate restoration of their land and an end to the rampant land grabbing that has plagued their community.
The women alleged that powerful individuals within the state had forcibly taken their land without compensation or consultation. They claimed that these individuals had used their influence and connections to intimidate and harass community members, leaving them powerless and dispossessed. The protesters demanded that the state government intervene and ensure that their rights as landowners were respected.
Blocking the entrance to Hypercity at Oginigba in Port Harcourt, the women raised an alarm about the long-standing problem of land grabbing in the state. They alleged that Hypercity notoriously acquired land from unsuspecting citizens, leaving many families homeless, without livelihoods, and access to basic necessities like water and healthcare. Politically powerful stakeholders were accused of enriching themselves and their cronies at the expense of vulnerable people.
The Oginigba women’s protest sparked widespread outrage and drew attention to the ongoing land disputes that have plagued Rivers State for years. The women’s unwavering determination and refusal to be silenced inspired others in the state to come forward and share their experiences of land grabbing. Their collective action highlighted the urgent need for land reforms and the protection of vulnerable communities from exploitation.
One notable incident occurred in the Nkpolu-Oroworukwo community, where residents alleged that their land near Rivers State University (RSU) had been unlawfully seized. Led by a rights advocate, the community staged a demonstration to demand the return of their property and the protection of their rights.
Similarly, in the Ikoku vehicle spare parts market on Olu Obasanjo Road in Port Harcourt, numerous traders were displaced to accommodate the construction of a Hypercity shopping mall. The affected traders voiced their outrage over the loss of their livelihoods and the absence of compensation or relocation assistance. Consequently, the incident led to a sudden scarcity of motor parts and a spike in prices.
An expansive piece of land located at the LNG roundabout along Eastern Bypass area was acquired by an individual who then turned it into a Hypercity enterprise. Furthermore, the civil servants’ quarters in the GRA Phase two area of Port Harcourt were also taken over by the same individual. Reports indicate that land in areas like Polocico in Egbeda, Itu, parts of Omudioga, and Akpabo has also been forcefully acquired by these influential individuals who often claim that the land is for state purposes, only to later transfer ownership to themselves or their associates.
It is indeed intriguing how private businesses often operate on government-owned land. The recent case of the closed abattoir in Oginigba, which was supposed to be repurposed for a government project but instead was acquired for private use, sheds light on a concerning trend. It is disheartening to see individuals exploiting the government’s name to secure land for personal gain. Such actions not only erode public trust but also deprive the state of valuable resources.
Governor Siminalayi Fubara must initiate a thorough investigation into the alleged improper acquisition of government property. It is imperative to determine if these assets were obtained through legal means. Justice must prevail for the people affected by these illegal actions. Of particular concern is the claim that many houses in the GRA areas have been sold to individuals with close ties to the immediate past government officials. The governor must address these allegations promptly to restore public trust and uphold the rule of law.
Land grabbers in Rivers State present a major concern, with over 52 lawsuits filed against the state government by individuals who seize land without consideration. This highlights the growing threat posed by these criminals who are gaining more power. It is alarming to see that even land legally owned and paid for by the government are being taken over by these grabbers. The use of uniformed men to intimidate and overpower victims further escalates the seriousness of the situation.
The committee established by the state government to reclaim state property wrongfully taken by the previous administration should expedite its actions. The authorities should provide financial support and grant it autonomy to work effectively. The appointed members should regularly update Rivers people on the progress made to improve accountability and transparency in the state’s governance. Additionally, we urge the committee to work diligently to recover all assets for the state’s benefit.
As protests against land grabbing escalate daily, state Police Commissioner, Olatunji Disu, must mobilise his officers against this growing menace. It is shameful and shocking that security operatives, especially the police, are providing protection for notorious land grabbers, some of whom are even within the government. This behaviour is damaging to the reputation of the police force. The Commissioner should not turn a blind eye to the actions of his officers in this matter. Disu must prosecute any officers found to be involved to restore dignity to the force.
There is a need for collective resistance to land grabbing in Rivers State. When necessary, appropriate and adequate compensation should be provided. Legal action should be utilised as a tool for advocacy to ensure that the rights of defenceless and impoverished people are not violated. Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) should assist in conducting thorough environmental audits of the areas being acquired.