Health
Sickle Cell: Consultant Prescribes Genotype S creening
In the bid to reduce the
prevalence of Sickle Cell Disorder (SCD) in the country, Nigerian have been urged to ensure genotype screening in order to be informed of their choice of persons with the appropriate hesmoglobin as life partners.
This act, it is believed would further checkmate the disappointments and trauma experienced by would be couples occasioned by the sudden knowledge of their unmatched genotype at the verge of marriage.
Speaking during his lecture titled ‘Challenges Of Sickle cell Diagnosis In Our Community’, at the World Sickle Cell Day in Port Harcourt, recently, Consultant Pediatrician, Dr. Appollos Josiah maintained that it was high time Nigerian youths did not wait till their time of marriage before getting themselves screened for their genotype adding that the prior knowledge would guide them on the partner selection thereby reducing the off-springs of sickle cell carriers and cell patients.
Josiah who is also the Chairman, Steering Committee of the Sickle Cell Support Society of Nigeria (SCSSN) said ,“Sickle Cell disease is an inherited disorder that is completely preventable if young people are properly informed through counseling to undergo genotype testing before marriage. This is aimed at making informed decision to marry the partner with the appropriate haemoglobin genotype and avoid the marriage between couples that are both AS or SC and AS (carriers). Therefore know your genotype before getting entangled and do it even more than once”.
Also speaking, the representative of the Rotary Club, Port Harcourt at the occasion, Dr. Patrick Ohia advocated for a policy that would create a column for Genotype on the Children’s National Immunization Cards stating that this would keep every Nigerian on the know of their genotype and further reduce the burden of Sickle cell in nation.
Ohia said “the Rotary Club is approaching this fight from the primary, not secondary perspective. Ignorance is a major challenge to this cause and it has to be tackled from the right point. There is no policy that places every Nigerian on the compulsory knowledge of his or her genotype unlike in the developed societies, like the UK, America and others.
The Club would tackle sickle cell just like it tackled polio and to achieve this I call on our policy makers to make a policy that would include a column for genotype on our immunisation cards so that just as the babies were being immunised at that tender age, they are also screened of their genotype and they grow having that knowledge while choosing their lifestyles and partners”.
Ohia further called for the availability of the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), genotype screening machine in all the local governments across the nation for easy access and testing.
Participants at the programme however decried the wrong diagnosis of the HPLC machine stating that it had contributed to the high rate of the disorder in the state.
In her reaction, the Rivers State Coodinator, Sickle Cell Support Society of Nigeria, Dr. Dorathy A. Okoh stated that the HPLC machine at the Braithwaite Memorial Specialists Hospital (BMSH) was of good quality saying “apart from the good result it offers, the HPLC machine also helps to manage the patient because there are other variances in the process and it helps to detect them”.
Okoh who noted that the HPLC machine was expensive, called for the support of stakeholders so that it can be purchased and placed at designated centres for easy access and result.
Two United States scientists who unraveled the human micro RNA have won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2024.
Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun won the coveted prize for their work on microRNA as their discoveries help explain how complex life emerged on earth and how the human body is made up of a wide variety of different tissues.
MicroRNAs influence how genes – the instructions for life – are controlled inside organisms, including humans.
Every cell in the human body contains the same raw genetic information, locked in our DNA.
However, despite starting with the identical genetic information, the cells of the human body are wildly different in form and function.
The electrical impulses of nerve cells are distinct from the rhythmic beating of heart cells. The metabolic powerhouse that is a liver cell is distinct to a kidney cell, which filters urea out of the blood.
The light-sensing abilities of cells in the retina are different in skillset to white blood cells that produce antibodies to fight infection.
So much variety can arise from the same starting material because of gene expression.
The US scientists were the first to discover microRNAs and how they exerted control on how genes are expressed differently in different tissues.
The medicine and physiology prize winners are selected by the Nobel Assembly of Sweden’s Karolinska Institute.
They said: “Their groundbreaking discovery revealed a completely new principle of gene regulation that turned out to be essential for multicellular organisms, including humans.
“It is now known that the human genome codes for over 1,000 microRNAs.”
The World Health Organisation (WHO) has begun acting to curb effects of antibiotic pollution.
The new guidance on wastewater and solid waste management for antibiotic manufacturing sheds light on this important but neglected challenge ahead of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) High-Level Meeting on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) taking place on 26 September 2024.
The emergence and spread of AMR caused by antibiotic pollution could undermine the effectiveness of antibiotics globally, including the medicines produced at the manufacturing sites responsible for the pollution.
Despite high antibiotic pollution levels being widely documented, the issue is largely unregulated and quality assurance criteria typically do not address environmental emissions. In addition, once distributed, there is a lack of information provided to consumers on how to dispose of antibiotics when they are not used, for example, when they expire or when a course is finished but there is still antibiotic left over.
“Pharmaceutical waste from antibiotic manufacturing can facilitate the emergence of new drug-resistant bacteria, which can spread globally and threaten our health. Controlling pollution from antibiotic production contributes to keeping these life-saving medicines effective for everyone,” said Dr Yukiko Nakatani, WHO Assistant Director-General for AMR ad interim.
Globally, there is a lack of accessible information on the environmental damage caused by manufacturing of medicines.
“The guidance provides an independent and impartial scientific basis for regulators, procurers, inspectors, and industry themselves to include robust antibiotic pollution control in their standards,” said Dr Maria Neira, Director, Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, WHO. “Critically, the strong focus on transparency will equip buyers, investors and the general public to make decisions that account for manufacturers’ efforts to control antibiotic pollution.”
In a concerted effort to curb brain drain, the Kebbi State Government has harmonised medical doctors’ salaries to be at par with their colleagues in the federal government’s tertiary health facilities.
Kebbi State Commissioner for Health, Musa Inusa-Isma’il, disclosed this at the handing over of ambulances to the state-owned health facilities at the Ministry of Health in Birnin Kebbi yesterday.
Inusa Isma’il, according to a statement by Ahmed Idris, the Chief Press Secretary to the governor, said the essence of the harmonisation was to retain the existing medical doctors and attract more to the services of the state.
According to him, the doctors across the state had already started enjoying the new salaries from August 2024.
He said the release of the vehicles was in fulfilment of Governor Nasir Idris’ promise to uplift health care services in the state.
“His Excellency said I should inform you, the beneficiaries of this gesture, that the vehicle should be strictly used for the intended purpose. It should not be used for anything else.
“If there is no referral case, each of the vehicles must be parked at the hospital by 6 pm. The governor said you should warn your drivers against reckless driving as well as violating the instructions.
“We should also do everything possible to reciprocate the gesture by working according to the terms and conditions attached,” he advised.
The benefiting health facilities included Sir Yahaya Memorial Hospital, Birnin Kebbi; State Teaching Hospital, Kalgo; General Hospital, Argungu; General Hospital, Yauri; General Hospital, Zuru; and General Hospital, Bunza.
In his speech, the permanent secretary of the ministry, Dr Shehu Koko, recalled that the ambulances were handed over to the ministry last Friday by the governor for the onward handover to the benefiting hospitals.
He observed that the ambulances would go a long way in improving the referral system in the state, adding that delays in reaching the secondary and tertiary facilities would be eliminated.
The permanent secretary attributed the high rate of maternal mortality in the country to delays in getting to the health facilities for proper medical care.
“We believe with the provision of these ambulances, part of the gaps we have in our referral system will be addressed, whereby patients who require secondary healthcare could be easily transported to secondary and tertiary health centres, where they can get such help,” he said.
In a goodwill message, Commissioner for Information and Culture Alhaji Yakubu Ahmed expressed gratitude to the governor for the support he has given to the ministry to excel.
While advising the beneficiaries to use the vehicles judiciously, the commissioner advised that services and maintenance of the vehicles must be prompt to derive the maximum benefits from the vehicles.
The commissioner also highlighted some achievements recorded by the government in the last year, including beautification of the state capital, completion of a multimillion-naira ultramodern state secretariat, road construction, construction and renovation of classrooms and upgrading of some health facilities, among others.